Statistics – Methodology
Scientific paper
Sep 2008
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2008dps....40.1803d&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #40, #18.03; Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, Vol. 40, p.418
Statistics
Methodology
Scientific paper
Galileo Galilei (1564-1642), Christiaan Huygens (1629-1675) and Jean-Dominique Cassini (1625-1712) are maybe the most important astronomers of the 17th century. Galileo discovered the 4 biggest satellites around Jupiter (Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto, known as the 'Galilean satellites'), Huygens discovered Titan, the biggest satellite of Saturn and Cassini discovered the zodiacal light and 4 satellites around Saturn (Iapetus, Rhea, Tethys and Dione).
They brough fundamental ideas to the knowledge of the Saturn's rings: (i) Galileo found firstly a strange shape around the planet Saturn (known as the 6th and last planet of the Solar System), (ii) Cassini found other satellites than Titan around Saturn that implying more forthcoming satellites discoveries (until now !), and (iii) Huygens showed that the viewing geometry of an object can dramatically change its appearence.
All these discoveries are linked to their personnality and their education. Galileo the autodidact loved discoveries (as the triple form of Saturn) but did not give enough attention to all of their physical implications. Huygens the mathematician did not discover but observed and theoretically confirmed simultaneously his discovery (as for the identification of the Saturn's ring). Cassini the brilliant astronomer interpreted his observations in order to make new discoveries (shadow of galiliean satellites on Jupiter, Cassini Division contradicts the vision of a single ring).
At less than one year left to the International Year of Astronomy 2009 (AMA09 or IYA09) these three examples show how the education and the scientific carrer and methodology are intrinsically linked.
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