Galactic winds and the Hubble sequence

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Galactic Radiation, Galactic Structure, Gas Flow, Hubble Diagram, Interstellar Gas, Astronomical Models, Flow Equations, Galactic Evolution, Gravitational Fields, Mass Distribution, Supernovae

Scientific paper

Conditions for maintenance of supernova-driven galactic winds have been investigated to assess their role in the morphology of disk-bulge galaxies. A fluid-mechanical model with gas and stars which includes galactic rotation has been used to investigate several classes of winds. It is found that many galaxies, once their initial gas is depleted, can maintain a wind throughout the entire galaxy, a condition most easily satisfied by systems with a small bulge-to-disk ratio. If the ratio of supernova heating to total mass loss falls below a critical value that depends on galaxy type and mass, only a partial wind exterior to a critical surface can exist, with infall occurring at interior points. Galaxies in which only the bulge was depleted of gas may support a bulge wind that does not interact with the colder and denser gas in the disk. These results indicate that if S0 galaxies are a transition class between elliptical and spiral galaxies, it is probably because early galactic winds, which may initially deplete a galaxy of gas, are more prevalent in S0 than in spiral galaxies.

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