Fundamental parameters of Galactic luminous OB stars IV. The upper HR diagram

Details Fundamental parameters of Galactic luminous OB stars IV. The upper HR diagram Fundamental parameters of Galactic luminous OB stars IV. The upper HR diagram

1999-12-09

arxiv.org/abs/astro-ph/9912200v1

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

24 pages, 30 figures, accepted for A&A

Scientific paper

We present observations and analyses of seven Galactic O stars of type O6 and earlier. Analyses are carried out using NLTE plane-parallel, hydrostatic models as well as NLTE spherical models with mass-loss. With detailed calculations for the former and simulations for the latter, it is shown that the flux blocking due to UV metal lines is important for these objects and the way the mechanism operates is explained. We find that the plane-parallel, hydrostatic unblanketed model atmospheres have increasing difficulties in fitting the early-type spectra of massive stars, and for 50000 K and above a fit seems to be impossible. We then perform an analysis using spherical models with mass-loss. Gravities should be increased by 0.1-0.25 dex, reducing, but not solving, the mass discrepancy. We show that spectroscopic masses are in better agreement with the theory of radiatively driven winds than evolutionary masses are. A helium abundance larger than solar is obtained for most objects. Some additional effects (partly related to present approximations) that have an influence in our analyses are studied. Some stars of our sample have such high mass-loss rates that the derivation of gravities from the wings of Balmer lines, in particular Hgamma, becomes doubtful. From the point of view of individual stars, we have analysed some of the most massive and luminous stars in the Milky Way. According to our analysis, three of them (Cyg OB2-7, HD 15570 and HD15558) have particularly large initial masses, close to or in excess of 100 Msun. HD 5689 could have been erroneously assigned to Cas OB7 and might be a runaway star.

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