From Megaparsecs to Milliparsecs: Modeling the Environments of Supermassive Black Holes with Cosmological Simulations

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Using a hydrodynamic adaptive mesh refinement code, we simulate the growth and evolution of a galaxy, which could potentially host a supermassive black hole, within a cosmological volume. Reaching a dynamical range in excess of 10 million, we follow the transport of gas from super-galactic scales all the way down to the outer edge of the accretion disk. As the simulation refines, the circumnuclear disk of the galaxy quickly reaches a quasi-steady state, following a steep power-law density profile. The self-gravitating, cold, molecular gas disk at the center of the model galaxy is locally stable but globally highly unstable, providing a natural mechanism for angular momentum transport all the way down to sub-pc scales. We analyze the properties of the disk that contribute to the instabilities, and investigate the significance of instability for the galaxy's evolution and the growth of a potential supermassive black hole at the center.

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