Fractionation of sulfur and oxygen isotopes in sulfate by soil sorption

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Scientific paper

Both field and laboratory data indicate that there is no significant isotope fractionation of sulfate during sorption in upland forest Podzols. The dominant sulfate sorption process in these soils is adsorption onto mineral surfaces. In the Plastic Lake watershed, Dorset, Ontario, Canada, fractions of sulfate from Podzol B-horizons have the following mean isotope (%.) compositions: water soluble sulfate, 34 S = +6.4; 18 O = -5.3; bicarbonate-exchanged sulfate by two methods, 34 S = + 4.5 and + 3.4; 18 O =-6.2 and -5.6; dissolved sulfate in B-horizon soilwater seepage, 34 S = + 4.8; 18 O = -5.4. These data indicate that soil sorption enriches dissolved sulfate in 34 S by approximately 1 ± 1%. and in 18 O by 0 +- 1 %. relative to sorbed sulfate. Similar results were obtained by laboratory sorption of sulfate by prepared goethite, which is a mineral representative of soil sorption sites in acidic Podzols like the one at Plastic Lake. The mean fractionation between sorbed and dissolved sulfate was found to be - 0.3%. for 34 S and 0.1 %. for 18 O. Earlier literature has confused the term adsorption; in many cases the more general term sorption, or retention, should be used. Pronounced fractionation of S and O isotopes in sulfate by lake and ocean sediments has been attributed to "adsorption" or "retention" but is more likely the result of sulfate reduction. Apparently, at Earth-surface conditions the only substantial isotope shifts in sulfate occur during microbial processes.

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