Formation of spinels in the mesosphere after K/T impact

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Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary, Spinel, Mesosphere, Hypervelocity Impact, Chromium, Meteoritic Composition, Europe, X Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Neutron Activation Analysis, Single Crystals

Scientific paper

Continuous Cretaceous/Tertiary (K/T) boundary sections were studied in the eastern Balkan Mountains at the Black Sea coast near Bjala, Bulgaria, in the Scaglia Rossa of the Apennines, 25 km north of Gubbio at Cerrara, Italy, and in the Betic Zone in the Barranco del Gredero near Caravaca, Spain. Spinels were extracted with a strong magnet from water suspensions of clays sampled stepwise at intervals of a few millimeters from the K/T boundaries and were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, SEM, EDS, and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Spinels from the east-west range of the Mediterranean area of 3000 km (Bjala-Caravaca) have structural and chemical compositions which are characteristic of the KT-spinels of the boundary clay sites. The majority of these KT-spinels are single crystals of Ni-rich magnesioferrite spinels of octahedral shape of 1-20 micron in sizes.

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