Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2002
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2002agufm.p72a0483b&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2002, abstract #P72A-0483
Mathematics
Logic
5464 Remote Sensing, 5480 Volcanism (8450), 6207 Comparative Planetology, 8429 Lava Rheology And Morphology, 8450 Planetary Volcanism (5480)
Scientific paper
This research is part of an ongoing field and remote sensing analysis of surface units within the 1969-1974 Mauna Ulu flow field (Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i). The current study examines the complex unit-scale topography produced by primary lava emplacement and secondary modification, as well as the utility of radar data for distinguishing flow regimes and post-emplacement changes within the flow field. Study sites were selected to represent the range of surfaces present within the flow field and described in terms of adjacent flow units, topographic characteristics, and a semi-quantitative assessment of fracturing and inflation. Topographic characterization included a qualitative description of the exposure surface at the cm- to m-scale as well as a measurement of the maximum relief displayed over a 1-m horizontal distance within the unit. Each pahoehoe unit was also characterized in terms of the degree of fracturing and apparent inflation that had occurred at the scale of toes (small-scale), small lobes and channels (intermediate-scale), and large lobes and tumuli (large-scale). The average maximum relief measured at the selected sites increases from sheets (29 cm) and networks of toes with glassy surfaces (32 cm), to disrupted, remobilized units (55 cm) and 'a'a (56 cm), to viscous, late-stage toe networks (72 cm). All of the selected pahoehoe sites display surface fractures at small- to intermediate-scales, and pahoehoe sheets may additionally display large-scale fracturing. Fractures appear to be predominantly associated with flow inflation (at small, intermediate, and large scales) and cooling (at the small scale). Two AIRSAR flight lines that were acquired October 11-12, 2000 are examined in the current analyses. The lowest mean backscatter coefficient of the units sampled in this study is associated with tube-fed pahoehoe sheets, followed successively by tube-fed networks of toes with glassy surfaces, late-stage tube-fed toes, remobilized tube-fed pahoehoe, surface-fed pahoehoe, medial 'a'a, and finally distal 'a'a. An apparent correlation observed in the field between small-scale (mm to cm) and larger-scale (dm to m) roughness is supported by the radar analysis. Because individual pahoehoe units are typically too small to resolve in the radar data, the AIRSAR data alone has not been useful for identifying primary emplacement morphologies and secondary modification of the units. However, radar may be used for constraining the range of surfaces present within a flow field, and may be used with morphologic information to provide reasonable interpretations for emplacement of units that are larger than the pixel size. Furthermore, radar data may be used to constrain the extent of inflation within the flow field if independent information about primary morphologies is available, such as from visible-wavelength remote sensing data.
Byrnes Jeffrey M.
Crown David A.
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