Field-aligned and ionospheric currents

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Current Distribution, Field Aligned Currents, Geomagnetism, Ionospheric Currents, Magnetic Effects, Satellite Observation, Atmospheric Models, Earth Magnetosphere, Electrojets, Magnetic Recording

Scientific paper

Zmuda and Armstrong (1974) showed that the field-aligned currents consist of two pairs; one is located in the morning sector and the other in the evening sector. Our analysis of magnetic records from the TRIAD satellite suggests that in each pair the poleward field-aligned current is more intense than the equatorward current, a typical ratio being 2:1. This difference has a fundamental importance in understanding the coupling between the magnetosphere and the ionosphere. We demonstrate this importance by computing the ionospheric current distribution for several models of the ionosphere with a high conductive annular ring (simulating the auroral oval). It is shown that the actual field-aligned and ionospheric current system is neither a simple Birkeland type, Bostrom type nor Zmuda-Armstrong type, but is a complicated combination of them.

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