Faint AGN in z>~6 Lyman-break Galaxies Powered by Cold Accretion and Rapid Angular Momentum Transport

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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14 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Scientific paper

We develop a radiation pressure-balanced model for the interstellar medium of high-redshift galaxies that describes many facets of galaxy formation at z>~6, including star formation rates and distributions and gas accretion onto central black holes. We first show that the vertical gravitational force in the disk of such a model is dominated by the disk self-gravity but that both radiation pressure on dust grains and turbulent pressure from dense clumps and disk instabilities are negligible compared with the radiation pressure of starlight on gas. Constraining our model to reproduce the UV luminosity function of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs), we limit the available parameter-space to wind mass-loading factors 1--4 times the canonical value for momentum-driven winds. We then focus our study by exploring the effects of different angular momentum transport mechanisms in the galactic disk and find that viscosity driven by gravitational torques, such as from linear spiral waves or non-linear orbit crossings, can build up black hole masses by z=6 consistent with canonical M-sigma relations with a duty cycle of unity, while infall mediated by a local viscosity such as in an alpha-disk results in negligible BH accretion. Both gravitational torque models produce X-ray emission from active galactic nuclei in high redshift LBGs in excess of the estimated contribution from high-mass X-ray binaries and consistent with a recent analysis of deep Chandra observations by Cowie et al. We find that future observations with larger sample sizes may be able to distinguish between these different angular momentum transport mechanisms.

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