Extremely halophilic archaea from ancient salt sediments and their possible survival in halite fluid inclusions

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

Rate now

  [ 0.00 ] – not rated yet Voters 0   Comments 0

Details

Scientific paper

Halophilic archaebacteria (haloarchaea) thrive in environments with salt concentrations approaching saturation, such as natural brines, marine solar salterns and alkaline salt lakes; they have also been isolated from ancient subsurface salt sediments of great geological age (195-280 million years) and some of those strains were described as novel species (1). The cells survived perhaps while being enclosed within small fluid inclusions in the halite. The characterization of subsurface microbial life is of astrobiological relevance since extraterrestrial halite has been detected and since microbial life on Mars, if existent, may have retreated into the subsurface. We attempted to simulate the embedding process of extremely halophilic archaea and to analyse any cellular changes which might occur. When enclosing haloarchaea in laboratory grown halite, cells accumulated preferentially in fluid inclusions, as could be demonstrated by pre-staining with fluorescent dyes. With increased time of embedding, rod-shaped cells of Halobacterium salinarum strains were found to assume roundish morphologies. Upon dissolution of the salt crystals, these spheres were stable and viable for months when kept in buffers containing 4 M NaCl. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) following fixation with glutaraldehyde suggested a potentially gradual transformation from rods to spheres. This notion was supported by fluorescence microscopy of Halobacterium cells, following embedding in halite and staining with SYTO 9. One-dimensional protein patterns of rods and spheres, following SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, were similar except that the S-layer protein appeared reduced by about 15 - 20 % in spheres. The reddish-orange pigmentation of spheres was much lighter compared to that of rod-shaped cells, suggesting lowered concentrations of carotenoids; this was confirmed by extraction and spectrometry of pigments. The data suggested that Halobacterium cells are capable of forming specific cellular structures upon embedding in fluid inclusions of halite. It is tempting to speculate that such structures may be responsible for long term survival in ancient geological materials such as salt sediments, including extraterrestrial salt. (1) Fendrihan S., Legat A., Pfaffenhuemer M., Gruber C., Weidler W., Gerbl F.W., Stan-Lotter H. (2006) Extremely halophilic archaea and the issue of long-term microbial survival. Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/technology 5, 1569-1605.

No associations

LandOfFree

Say what you really think

Search LandOfFree.com for scientists and scientific papers. Rate them and share your experience with other people.

Rating

Extremely halophilic archaea from ancient salt sediments and their possible survival in halite fluid inclusions does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this scientific paper.

If you have personal experience with Extremely halophilic archaea from ancient salt sediments and their possible survival in halite fluid inclusions, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Extremely halophilic archaea from ancient salt sediments and their possible survival in halite fluid inclusions will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

     

Profile ID: LFWR-SCP-O-1795231

  Search
All data on this website is collected from public sources. Our data reflects the most accurate information available at the time of publication.