Extreme Star Formation in Low-Metallicity Dusty Compact Dwarf Galaxies

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Dusty star formation plays a key role in the early universe. ISOCAM, MIPS and submillimeter surveys have found significant populations of dusty luminous galaxies which dominate the cosmic infrared background at z >= 1. Some of these galaxies host starbursts with high star formation rates (SFRs) in such compact regions that they approach the maximum starburst intensity limit. Similar extreme conditions can occur in star clusters within nearby starburst galaxies, but these clusters generally do not dominate the light. We propose here to study extreme SF in the local universe in systems where most of the SF occurs in massive star clusters, the light of which does dominate the galaxy light. These systems are 23 low-metallicity dusty compact dwarf galaxies (DCDs) selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to have a high SFR/area, potentially near the starburst intensity limit, and significant warm dust emission, a good indicator of extreme SF in massive star clusters. These DCDs will allow us to study the physics of extreme SF with a sensitivity and spatial and spectral resolution that high-z starbursts do not allow. We wish to use IRAC, IRS and MIPS to investigate how the spectral energy distributions of the DCDs, the dust properties, and the SFR/area change as a function of various physical parameters such as metallicity, the hardness of the ionizing radiation, and the compactness of the starburst region. Combining our proposed DCD observations with other data will allow us to quantify the amount of dust-enshrouded SF over a wide range of metallicities and dust properties and derive true SFRs, which are crucial for deriving the SFR as a function of cosmic epoch.

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