Extended Horizontal Branch Stars in Old Open Clusters

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Scientific paper

Subdwarf B (sdB) stars are evolved hot stars (24000 to 35000K) that are commonly found in the field of our Galaxy and have now been identified in two old disk, metal-rich clusters. They are proposed to be the primary candidates responsible for the far-UV flux seen in metal- rich extragalactic systems. They are known to be core helium burning stars with very thin hydrogen envelopes, but the envelope stripping mechanisms are very poorly understood. Recently, we found that hot blue stars make up ~25% of the horizontal branch of the old, very metal- rich open cluster NGC 6791. Only one other hot horizontal branch star is now known in the field of an open cluster, in the somewhat younger and metal-poorer NGC 188. Newly published photometry for a third open cluster, Cr 261, shows four additional blue star candidates. Cr 261 is older than NGC 6791 but has the same metallicity as NGC 188. Investigation of the nature of these four stars would clarify whether old age or very high metallicity is the dominant factor in the production of metal-rich hot horizontal branch stars. We were allocated the first half of 17 Apr 1998 on the CTIO 4.0 m for this same proposal. The data were taken, but never sent. CTIO cannot find the data, so we are resubmitting our proposal to repeat the service observing.

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