Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011ess.....2.3409t&link_type=abstract
American Astronomical Society, ESS meeting #2, #34.09
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
Scientific paper
Recent observations using the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect have revealed the existence of Hot Jupiters in highly inclined and even retrograde orbits. At the same time, distant planets have been discovered using direct imaging methods. Motivated by these observations, we explore the possibility of forming retrograde orbits in hierarchical triple configurations with two giant planets, or one giant planet and a brown-dwarf binary companion. We survey a large set of orbital parameters, highlighting the range of initial conditions that allow for the formation of retrograde Hot Jupiters. We use the formalism developed in Naoz et al. 20111, which gives a correct treatment of the secular evolution of hierarchical triple systems to octupole order. With this new formalism, a complete numerical study can be done. Based on our new survey, we show how and when an eccentric planetary or brown-dwarf companion can perturb the inner planet into a retrograde orbit, as long as the mutual inclination is high. Constraints on the outer body can be used to guide future observations.
1Naoz et al. ArXiv e-prints 1107.2414
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