Explorations of Mariana Arc Volcanoes Reveal New Hydrothermal Systems

Details Explorations of Mariana Arc Volcanoes Reveal New Hydrothermal Systems Explorations of Mariana Arc Volcanoes Reveal New Hydrothermal Systems

Jan 2004

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2004eostr..85...37e&link_type=abstract

EOS Transactions, AGU, Volume 85, Issue 4, p. 37-40

Mathematics

Logic

12

Marine Geology And Geophysics: Seafloor Morphology And Bottom Photography, Oceanography: Biological And Chemical: Hydrothermal Systems, Tectonophysics: Plate Boundary-General

Scientific paper

Some 20,000 km of volcanic arcs, roughly one-third the length of the global mid-ocean ridge (MOR) system, rim the western Pacific Ocean. Compared to 25 years of hydrothermal investigations along MORs, exploration of similar activity on the estimated ~600 submarine arc volcanoes is only beginning [Ishibashi and Urabe, 1995; De Ronde et al., 2003]. To help alleviate this under-sampling, the R/V T. G. Thompson was used in early 2003 (9 February to 5 March) to conduct the first complete survey of hydrothermal activity along 1200 km of the Mariana intra-oceanic volcanic arc. This region includes both the Territory of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. The expedition mapped over 50 submarine volcanoes with stunning new clarity (Figures 1 and 2) and found active hydrothermal discharge at 12 sites, including the southern back-arc site. This includes eight new sites along the arc (West Rota, Northwest Rota, E. Diamante, Zealandia Bank, Maug Caldera, Ahyi, Daikoku, and Northwest Eifuku) and four sites of previously known hydrothermal activity (Seamount X, Esmeralda, Kasuga 2, and Nikko) (Figures 1 and 2). The mapping also fortuitously provided a ``before'' image of the submarine flanks of Anatahan Island, which had its first historical eruption on 10 May 2003 (Figures 1 and 3).

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