Other
Scientific paper
Oct 1963
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1963gecoa..27.1047h&link_type=abstract
Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 27, Issue 10, pp.1047-1054
Other
10
Scientific paper
The alteration to clays and zeolites of a series of rock types varying in silica content has been studied under hydrothermal conditions below 425°C. Natural glassy and crystalline rocks and synthetic glasses and gels ranging from granitic to basaltic compositions have been reacted in sealed noble metal systems in CO 2 --saturated, saline, acid, and basic environments. The following observations were made from 240 hydrothermal runs: 1. 1. Silica content markedly affects the rate of alteration; perlitic rhyolites were completely resistant to alteration in the p-t range studied after 2 weeks in a distilled-water environment. The addition of controlled small (1, 2, 4, 8 per cent by weight) amounts of MgO to the system rapidly accelerated the alteration of the rocks including those highest in silica with the formation of montmorillonite predominant. 2. 2. In carbonic acid solutions all the glasses and gels altered mainly to illite with subordinate amounts of montmorillonite and analcite. 3. 3. The gross structure of the parent material affected only the rate of the reaction, with none of the structure types studied showing any predisposition toward the formation of a particular alteration production. From the results of this and associated work it was concluded that clay minerals and zeolites are formed by reactions between monomeric silicate ions, aluminate ions, and metallic ions resulting in the direct formation of the crystalline minerals.
Hawkins D. B.
Roy Rustum
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