Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Dec 2011
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011agufm.p31d1729k&link_type=abstract
American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2011, abstract #P31D-1729
Mathematics
Logic
[1009] Geochemistry / Geochemical Modeling, [1060] Geochemistry / Planetary Geochemistry
Scientific paper
Phyllosilicates have been suggested to commonly appear on the surface of Mars, mainly associated with Noachian successions. The formation of these aqueous minerals, indicate the presence of liquid water on an early Noachian Mars. In the present project we seek to better understand the alteration process of melt rocks, impact melt in particular. On the Earth large amounts of phyllosilicates have been detected in relation with impact craters and impact glass / melt. In the studies we use impact melt and glasses from different impact structures as starting materials for alteration experiments and modeling of mineral alteration / transformation products. The studied samples vary in age and lithology (glass, suevite and melt), with mineralogical composition partly reflecting the target lithologies at sites of impact. During impact some of the target rocks are melted by the intense heat. Some melt are ejected out of the crater, whereas about half of the melt remains within the impact structure. If water is present, hydrothermal systems may be established within the crater and exist for thousands of years after impact. In the experimental study we aim at representing possible alteration conditions of melt bearing rocks the first few thousand years after an impact. The samples are put into a saline solution containing 30 mg/l NaCl in Parr stirred titanium batch reactors at a temperature of 200 to 230 °C and 15 bar pressure for 3 weeks. The geochemistry / mineralogy of samples and reaction products are studied before and after the alteration experiments (dissolution and precipitation). The experimental results are compared to results of geochemical modeling (PHREEQC) in order to increase our understanding of the chemical reactions during alteration. The alterations products reflect the composition of both the source material and the percolation water. The first results (artificial melt and Chesapeake Bay impact melt) show the formation of smectite, chlinochlore, Fe-pyrophylite, saponite, analcime, talc and philippsite. On the Earth, as well as on Mars, additional processes such as surface weathering and postdepositional diagenesis may affect the mineralogical transformations. In this study our primary goal is to demonstrate and explain the formation of phyllosilicates and zeolites from impact melt / glass alteration, during conditions imitating an impact-induced hydrothermal system.
Dypvik Henning
Hellevang Helge
Kalleson Elin
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