Expected Radiation Hazard at Different Phases of Solar Cycle Based on Statistical Properties of Solar Energetic Particle Fluencies

Mathematics – Probability

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

Expected radiation hazard from SEP (Solar Energetic Particle) events for space probes in interplanetary space at different distances from the Sun, for satellites in magnetosphere of the Earth on different orbits, for planes on different airlines, and on people and technology on the ground on different altitudes and cutoff rigidities is determined mostly by expected fluency (total flux of SEP during solar flare event) in different energy ranges at different phases of solar cycle. Information on expected total radiation hazard from SEP events (as well as from galactic cosmic ray (CR)) in different phases of solar cycle is necessary for estimation of optimal shielding of electronics and/or people both in space (on satellites at different orbits, on interplanetary missions, and on ISS ¿ International Space Station) as well as in atmosphere (for aircrafts at different altitudes and technology objects and people on the ground level). We estimated probabilities of fluencies on the basis of long time observation of proton flux (both direct measurements on the space detectors and on the base of recalculation from ground stations). Restored amplitude spectrum (distribution of events with given interval of amplitudes of the fluency or for fluencies more than given) enables us estimate probability of dangerous states and extrapolate this distribution for rare events of extremely high amplitudes. Main sources of data for this analysis are: 1) data from the Catalog "A Summary of Major Solar Proton Events" (Shea and Smart, Solar Phys., 1990) for 31 years observations fluencies on the ground and in space, 2) for detailed analysis - data from satellites GOES during 1994-2004, available through Internet.

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