Excitation class of nebulae - an evolution criterion?

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

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Emission Spectra, Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Spectra, Abundance, Classifying, Forbidden Transitions, H Beta Line, Helium, Oxygen Spectra

Scientific paper

A principally new quantitative system of the classification of the spectra of planetary nebulae is proposed. Spectral class of excitation class of the nebula p is determined according to the relative intensities of forbidden mission lines (N1 + N2) O III/4686 He II and (N1 + N2) O III/H-beta. The excitation classes are obtained for 142 planetary nebulae of all classes - low (p = 1-3), middle (p = 4-8), and high (p = 9-12/+/). An empirical relationship between excitation class p, as an independent parameter, admit an evolutionary interpretation. It is shown that after reaching the highest class of excitation p = 12(+) the nebulae decrease their class of excitation with the further increases of sizes.

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