Evolution of planetary nebulae envelopes - an empirical approach

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

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Gas Density, Mass To Light Ratios, Planetary Nebulae, Stellar Evolution, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Winds, Asymptotic Giant Branch Stars, Density Distribution, Radial Distribution

Scientific paper

The evolution of the radial distribution of gas density in the envelopes of planetary nebulae is investigated. An approximate analytical expression for this distribution and its temporal variation is found. The evolution of the nebular envelope luminosity and of the mass of ionized gas in the envelope is also examined. The nebular envelope is formed as a result of the quiet evolution of the 'slow' stellar wind of the precursor. The formation of the envelope begins with the decrease of the precursor's mass loss rate. The obtained radial distributions of gas density in the envelopes of young nebulae rule out the notion that planetary nebulae are formed as a result of the rapid ejection of a clear-cut envelope.

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