Evidence for a nonvanishing energy density of the vacuum (or cosmological constant)?

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Big Bang Cosmology, Flux Density, Gauge Theory, Missing Mass (Astrophysics), Neutrinos, Constants, Cosmic Rays, Vacuum, Weak Interactions (Field Theory)

Scientific paper

Progress in understanding nuclear beta decay far from stability in recent years has led - as a consequence of the better understanding of the synthesis of heavy elements by the r-process - to a new age of the universe (from the actinide cosmochronometers) of more than about 17 Gyr. With the assumption of inflationary expansion at the beginning of the evolution of the universe this new number leads to a nonvanishing cosmological constant Lambda = (4.7 - 19) x 10 to the -57th/sq cm in the Friedmann equation and to an energy density of the vacuum of 2.5 - 10 x 10 to the -30th g/cu cm. An upper limit for the mass of the neutrino and of the amount of dark matter in the universe is deduced.

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