Mathematics – Number Theory
Scientific paper
2010-12-13
Mathematics
Number Theory
Presentation improved, reference added. It contains plots of modular images of long horocycles, (obtained by Mathematica)
Scientific paper
There is an intriguing connection between the dynamics of the horocycle flow in the modular surface $SL_{2}(\pmb{Z}) \backslash SL_{2}(\pmb{R})$ and the Riemann hypothesis. It appears in the error term for the asymptotic of the horocycle average of a modular function of rapid decay. We study whether similar results occur for a broader class of modular functions, including functions of polynomial growth, and of exponential growth at the cusp. Hints on their long horocycle average are derived by translating the horocycle flow dynamical problem in string theory language. Results are then proved by designing an unfolding trick involving a Theta series, related to the spectral Eisenstein series by Mellin integral transform. We discuss how the string theory point of view leads to an interesting open question, regarding the behavior of long horocycle averages of a certain class of automorphic forms of exponential growth at the cusp.
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