Episodic accretion onto massive black holes

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Accretion Disks, Black Holes (Astronomy), Galactic Nuclei, Molecular Clouds, Seyfert Galaxies, Spiral Galaxies, Angular Momentum, Galactic Structure, Hydrodynamics, Luminosity, Milky Way Galaxy

Scientific paper

Episodic activity in galactic nuclei may be the result of an encounter between an interstellar cloud and a massive black hole. The present paper describes two dimensional hydrodynamical calculations of cloud-hole encounters in the limits of clouds larger than and comparable to the accretion radius. For large clouds the total mass accreted and the accretion time scale is shown to be simply related to initial density and velocity gradients in the cloud. Seyfert luminosities (greater than 10 to the 43th erg/s) can be achieved for time scales of 10 to the 5th - 10 to the 7th yr. For small clouds, the captured material develops a complex structure on the scale of the accretion radius. The structure bears a resemblance to the morphology of the ionized gas in the central two parsecs of the Galaxy; however, the gas velocity field does not reproduce in detail the observed kinematics of the ionized gas in this region.

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