Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics – General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Scientific paper
1994-12-07
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astrophysics
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
20 pages, uses AMSTex, 7 figures (not included)
Scientific paper
We analyze the energy density fluctuations contributed by scalar fields $\Phi$ with vanishing expectation values, $\langle\Phi\rangle=0$, which are present in addition to the inflaton field. For simplicity we take $\Phi$ to be non--interacting and minimally coupled to gravity. We use normal ordering to define the renormalized energy density operator $\rho$, and we show that any normal ordering gives the same result for correlation functions of $\rho$. We first consider massless fields and derive the energy fluctuations in a single mode $\vk$, the two--point correlation function of the energy density, the power spectrum, and the variance of the smeared energy density, $\ddR$. Mass effects are investigated for energy fluctuations in single modes. All quantities considered are scale invariant at the second horizon crossing (Harrison--Zel'dovich type) for massless and for unstable massive fields. The magnitude of the relative fluctuations $\de\rho/\rt$ is of order $(\Hi/\Mp)^2$ in the massless case, where $\Hi$ is the Hubble constant during inflation. For an unstable field of mass $m_\Phi\ll\Hi$ with a decay rate $\Gamma_\Phi$ the magnitude is enhanced by a factor $\sqrt{m_\Phi/\Gamma_\Phi}$. Finally, the prediction for the cosmic variance of the average energy density in a sample is given in the massless case.
Muller Harald F.
Schmid Christoph
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