Endogenic Activity of the Earth and Moon

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Moon, Planetary Evolution, Solar System Evolution, Lunar Evolution, Lunar Magnetic Fields, Paleomagnetism, Geochronology, Planetary Cores, Earth (Planet), Jupiter Satellites, Water, Geochemistry

Scientific paper

The endogenic activity of the Earth and Moon is created by the H fluid flows that ascends from their liquid cores and generates magnetic fields. In these flows, the generation of water together with hydrocarbons (3H2+CO = CH4+H2O), carbon (H2+CO=C+H2O), carbon dioxide (H2+3CO=C+CO2+H2O) and nitrogen (2H2+2NO=N2+2H2O) occurs. Water in fluids strongly lowers the melting temperature of rocks and thereby initiates magmatic activity and, making it to the surface, aids the generation of Earth's hydrosphere and aqueous ice covers of satellites. The endogenic activity of a planet or satellite stops after its complete consolidation; this occurs simultaneously with the disappearing of the magnetic field. Endogenic activity of the Earth continued for about 4.6 m.y. because of the existence of a liquid core rich with H. The other planets of the Earth's group lost their endogenic activity as well as magnetic fields due to complete consolidation. The Moon is the oldest known of the solar system bodies. Volcanic activity occurred on the Moon at 4.6-3.2 GA when it had a strong magnetic field, which is thought to be responsible for residual magnetization inherent in the samples. By analogy to the Moon, whose activity has been suppl.ied by its fluid reservoir for about 1.5 m .y., the current volcanic activity on Jupiter's satellite Io, (analogous to the Moon) suggest that Jupiter's satellite system is relatively young. This is confirmed by discoveries of the magnetic fields of Io, Europa, and Ganymede. However, Callisto is completely consolidated and has lots its magnetic field. The endogenic activity resulted in explosive volcanism on Io, and in the formation of aqueous ice covers on Europa and Ganymede. The ice cover of Europa si still forming, judging from the lack of meteoritic craters on its surface.

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