Emergence and Effective Theory of the Universe -- the Case Study of Lambda Cold Dark Matter Cosmological Model

Details Emergence and Effective Theory of the Universe -- the Case Study of Lambda Cold Dark Matter Cosmological Model Emergence and Effective Theory of the Universe -- the Case Study of Lambda Cold Dark Matter Cosmological Model

2008-05-17

arxiv.org/abs/0805.2665v2

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astrophysics

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology

RevTeX4, 20 pages, 8 figures; rev. 2: added section on emergence from bifurcation

Scientific paper

Recent astronomical observations strongly indicate that the current Universe is undergoing an accelerated phase of its expansion. If the Universe evolution is described by the FRW model then the acceleration should be driven by some perfect substance violating the strong energy condition. Hence the negative pressure is required for the explanation of acceleration. While different candidates for the fluid termed dark energy have been suggested, the positive cosmological constant seems to be the simplest candidate for dark energy description. However the Lambda term treated as a quantum vacuum energy has no simple physical interpretation because of the fine tuning problem. The paper is related to the methodological status of effective theories in context of cosmological investigations. We pointed out that modern effective cosmological theories may provide an interesting case study in the current philosophical discussions. We argue that the standard cosmological model (LCDM model) as well as the CDM (Cold Dark Matter Cosmological Model) have a status of effective theories only, similarly to the standard model of particle physics. The LCDM model is studied from the point of view of the debate on reductionism and epistemological emergence in the science. It is shown that bifurcation as well as structural instability notion can be useful in the detection of emergence the LCDM model from the CDM model. We demonstrate the structural stability of the LCDM model can explain the flexibility of the model to accommodation of the observational data. Therefore one can explain why the LCDM model is favored over the other model when in confrontations with observations.

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