Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Sep 1996
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1996apj...469..423s&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal v.469, p.423
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
41
Sun: Abundances, Sun: Corona, Sun: Sunspots, Sun: Transition Region
Scientific paper
Skylab solar images in the transition region lines of neon, magnesium, and calcium have been used to trace elemental abundance variations in sunspots and the quiet Sun. Sunspots are invariably accompanied by spikelike features, enriched in elements of low first ionization potential (FIP) such as magnesium and calcium, and extending outward from the penumbras. Material with the normal, unenriched, photospheric-like composition is sometimes seen over the umbra, but it is only seen in the presence of very bright chromospheric emission associated with flares or emerging flux. The salt-and-pepper fields of the quiet Sun give rise to small-scale structures, enhanced in the lines of both helium and neon, and having the "photospheric" composition. However, enrichments of low-Fl P elements are sometimes found at unipolar flux concentrations in coronal holes, and occasionally they have very large enrichment factors. These observations suggest that the composition depends on whether the plasma is coronal or not and that the fractionation process is somehow related to the production of coronal material.
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