Mathematics – Logic
Scientific paper
Jun 1991
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1991phdt........18z&link_type=abstract
Thesis (PH.D.)--PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, 1991.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 52-09, Section: B, page: 4786.
Mathematics
Logic
Baryon Asymmetry
Scientific paper
In this thesis a new mechanism for generating a baryon asymmetry during the electroweak phase transition is discussed. Only a minimally extended version of the standard model is required--the Higgs sector is expanded to include two complex doublets. The mechanism relies on the formation of topological defects (gauged textures) in the hot false vacuum phase, and their subsequent relaxation to vacuum during the electroweak phase transition. During the relaxation processes, the gauge fields may undergo a change in topology, which leads to baryon number violation through the U(1) axial anomaly. CP violation in the Higgs sector is communicated to the gauge sector by a one-loop effective coupling, and this causes the dynamics to overproduce baryons in comparison to antibaryons, leading to a nonzero net baryon number in the long-time limit. Results of numerical evolutions of the Yang-Mills -Higgs equations of motion which model the behavior of gauge textures are presented. These results predict that a small fraction of textures, those whose sizes are close to a certain length scale (the 'bifurcation length' L _{rm B}), will participate in the creation of a baryon asymmetry. A rough estimate of the baryon-to-entropy produced by this model is given, and it is in good agreement with observational data. Finally, a few remarks about the nature of phase transitions in the two-doublet model are given, and it is shown that experimentally acceptable Higgs masses are obtainable without fine-tuning Higgs coupling parameters. This mechanism for producing a baryon asymmetry is perhaps the simplest and most natural one yet proposed.
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