Electromagnetic dissipation of orbital energy for asteroidal-like particles in planetary rings

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Scientific paper

We have deduced the orbital evolution of an asteroidal particle moving in a circular path in the gravitational and magnetic fields of a planet. The asteroid loses orbital energy due to ohmic dissipation of induced currents in its interior. We obtain an expression which describes the decay time of the orbit as a function of asteroid's density, mass, electric resistivity, semi major axis, the mass of possible metallic inclusions and the magnetic field of the planet. For parameters like those of Allende's meteorite we obtain the orbital decay times when circling around Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus. We conclude that the dissipation of the orbital energy due to electromagnetic effects, during the life time of the planetary system, is not significant for Saturn's ring. On the other hand, Jupiter's rings must be of recent origin. If the orbiting asteroidal particles contain small metallic inclusions the decay times can be much shorter.

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