Electric-field generation at low latitudes in the case of a southward-directed IMF

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Earth Magnetosphere, Electric Fields, Field Aligned Currents, Geopotential, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Polar Caps, Annual Variations, Conjugate Points, Current Density, Diurnal Variations, Electron Flux Density

Scientific paper

Field-aligned currents flowing from one hemisphere to the other and the residual difference of potentials between magnetically conjugate points are calculated, assuming high longitudinal conductivity. A self-consistent solution for the potential at the level of the ionosphere is obtained. Calculations are carried out for the case of an asymmetric potential distribution with respect to the equator. The effect considered can be used to explain the appearance of electron and ion fluxes accelerated by longitudinal fields. The direction and magnitude of the longitudinal potential difference are characterized by seasonal and diurnal variations and depend on the IMF direction.

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