Effects of Solar Activity Variations on Daytime and Nighttime Equatorial Topside Ionosphere

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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2415 Equatorial Ionosphere, 2467 Plasma Temperature And Density, 2481 Topside Ionosphere

Scientific paper

At middle and low latitudes, the ion composition and temperature data in the topside ionosphere are responsive to changes in the EUV flux. High quality ion composition and temperature data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program are used to study solar activity variations on the day (0900 LT) and nighttime (2100 LT) equatorial topside ionosphere near 800 km. Latitudinal variations in the total ion composition, temperature, and relative ion concentrations are studied for spring equinox period (April) in 1991, 1996 and 1999 respectively. These years are respresentative of high, low, and moderate solar activities. Both the day and nighttime profiles show the influence of F10.7 in modulating the observed composition, temperatures and total densities. Data taken near 800 km altitude, for both day and nighttime conditions show that as solar activity decreases, average Ni decreases by an order of magnitude, average Ti decreases by about 400 ^ o K , and the H+/Ni ratio increases from zero to almost 80%. Additionally, the nighttime Ni profiles for high solar activity conditions are characterized by the presence of the Appleton anomaly which is not seen at other times.

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