Effects of hydrogen and electron diffusion on trace species diffusion in the solar atmosphere

Details Effects of hydrogen and electron diffusion on trace species diffusion in the solar atmosphere Effects of hydrogen and electron diffusion on trace species diffusion in the solar atmosphere

Nov 1992

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1992esasp.348..335f&link_type=abstract

In ESA, Proceedings of the First SOHO Workshop: Coronal Streamers, Coronal Loops, and Coronal and Solar Wind Composition p 335-3

Mathematics

5

Diffusion, Electron Diffusion, Hydrogen, Ionization Potentials, Plasma Composition, Solar Atmosphere, Trace Elements, Abundance, Conservation Equations, Electrons, Mathematical Models, Protons

Scientific paper

The effects of the diffusion of neutral hydrogen, protons, and electrons, on the diffusion of heavy species in the lower transition region are studied. This layer has large temperature and hydrogen ionization gradients as the temperature changes from 10,000 to 100,000K. Hydrogen diffusion induces an abundance gradient opposed to the hydrogen ionization gradient. Thermal diffusion counteracts this effect for ionized particles. The low FIP (First Ionization Potential) species (fully ionized in the lower transition region) experience both effects. The high FIP species (neutral at T = 10,000K) are practically affected by only the hydrogen diffusion effect. The result is the enhancement of the abundance of the low FIP elements with respect to the high FIP elements at the top of our models. However, the rate at which this process occurs is critical and large departures from the equilibrium abundances are expected because of the slow relaxation rates at the top of the chromosphere.

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