Other
Scientific paper
Oct 1989
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1989e%26psl..95...97v&link_type=abstract
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Volume 95, Issue 1-2, p. 97-114.
Other
7
Scientific paper
A mathematical model is developed to simulate the process of basin formation by rifting. Subsidence is driven by crustal thinning and influenced by the transient temperature variation within the lithosphere.
The model offers possibilities for multiple phases of rifting superimposing non-steady state conditions. Important features in the model are: two-layered heat production, and a definition of the lower boundary in terms of heat flow instead of one of constant temperature as opposed to other models. Furthermore, phase transformations caused by rift-induced pressure and temperature changes are suggested as an additional syn-rift subsidence mechanism. The relevant phase transformations are assumed to be those occurring during an amphibolite to granulite facies transition.
Perturbation of the steady state temperature profile is performed by one or several phases of rifting (with finite stretching rates), by sill intrusion, or by changes in asthenospheric heat flow. The greatest deviation from the steady state geotherm occurs at the lower boundary because of the flow definition of the lower boundary. The consequence of this is a much longer duration of anomalous heat flow.
The model is applied to the Danish Basin, North Jylland-Denmark. This basin was formed in Permian times and since then it has been thermally subsiding apart from a minor event of stretching in the Late Cretaceous. The higher present-day heat flow in the basin compared to the adjacent Fennoscandian Shield area is successfully explained by the model presented in this paper. It is concluded that transient temperature conditions still today contribute significantly to present surface heat flow, although main rifting took place for more than 240 m.y. ago. This cannot be explained by models using a fixed temperature definition of the lower boundary. The modelled contribution by phase transformations to subsidence, explains why the syn-rift Early and Middle Triassic subsidence was accompanied by insignificant faulting activity, as evidenced by the seismic data available.
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