Effective dynamics for $N$-solitons of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation

Details Effective dynamics for $N$-solitons of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation Effective dynamics for $N$-solitons of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation

2010-09-24

arxiv.org/abs/1009.4910v2

Mathematics

Analysis of PDEs

18 pages, 11 figures

Scientific paper

We consider several solitons moving in a slowly varying external field. We show that the effective dynamics obtained by restricting the full Hamiltonian to the finite dimensional manifold of $ N$-solitons (constructed when no external field is present) provides a remarkably good approximation to the actual soliton dynamics. That is quantified as an error of size $ h^2 $ where $ h $ is the parameter describing the slowly varying nature of the potential. This also indicates that previous mathematical results of Holmer-Zworski for one soliton are optimal. For potentials with unstable equilibria the Ehrenrest time, $ \log(1/h)/h $, appears to be the natural limiting time for these effective dynamics. We also show that the results of Holmer-Perelman-Zworski for two mKdV solitons apply numerically to a larger number of interacting solitons. We illustrate the results by applying the method with the external potentials used in Bose-Einstein soliton train experiments of Strecker et. al.

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