Earthguard-I: a NEO detection space mission

Computer Science

Scientific paper

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Space Missions: Near-Earth Objects: Detections

Scientific paper

Since early July 2002 a Phase-A study under contract to ESA is underway to define a space mission to search for NEOs which are difficult or even impossible to detect from groundbased locations. Based on long-term orbital evolution studies of known Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) it is expected that a significant fraction of the NEO population has orbits that are mostly or completely inside the Earth's orbit - the so called Atens and Inner-Earth Objects (IEOs). Objects on such orbits are difficult or even impossible to detect with groundbased telescopes. Due to their short orbital periods of less than one year their encounter frequency is high, and so is their potential impact risk. A preliminary analysis has shown that the payload can be accommodated on a dedicated spacecraft with a heliocentric orbit of around 0.5 AU. Alternatively, the payload could be accommodated on existing/planned platforms such as the BepiColombo Mercury orbiter spacecraft, the Solar Orbiter spacecraft, or as an external payload of the International Space Station ISS.

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