Early diagenesis in sediments from Danish coastal waters: Microbial activity and Mn-Fe-S geochemistry

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Depth distributions of bacterial respiration of O 2 , NO 3 - and SO 4 2- were compared with geochemical data for Mn, Fe and S in coastal sediments from water depths between 26 and 520 m. As water depth increased, the zone of SO 4 2- respiration was found deeper in the sediment and was eventually separated from the surface-located activity of O 2 and NO 2 - respiration. At the deepest station additional SO 4 2- reduction activity was observed in small, detrital aggregates on the sediment surface. Dissolved Mn 2+ and Fe 2+ appeared between the O 2 - plus NO 3 - -containing surface layer and the H 2 S-plus FeS-containing sediment below. This was a result of Mn and Fe reductions coupled to either the oxidation of sulfide or the mineralization of organic matter. Tracer experiments showed that both FeS, FeS 2 and S 0 were important radiolabelled products of sulfate respiration in this intermediate zone. In the same zone, the overall degradation of organic matter seemed to be underestimated by the assay of SO 2- 4 respiration and additional mineralization by Mn and Fe reductions was likely.

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