Dynamics of a Jet/Cloud Collision in Astrophysics and in the Laboratory

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HH 110 is an extraordinary stream of shocked gas that forms when a highly supersonic jet from a young star impacts a dense dark cloud at an oblique angle. Previous spectra of this source fail by a factors of ~ 5 to reach the thermal broadening limit, which is required to distinguish bulk motion, turbulence, and thermal motions from one another in the emitting gas. We propose to resolve velocity structure in the flow to the thermal limit with the 4-m echelle and a long slit. We will compare the resulting H(alpha) datacube with results from an ongoing DOE-sponsored laboratory laser experiment and numerical simulations designed specifically as analogs of HH 110. Differences in the emission line widths of H(alpha), [S II], and [N II] lines will quantify the relative contributions of thermal and turbulent broadening in the jet. The observations will create a fundamental test bed for existing 3D numerical codes that model shocked dynamics and the onset of turbulence. This is a resubmission of a proposal approved in 2006B. The 2006 observations were plagued by bad weather and instrumental problems, but show that the experimental design works and that the project will answer the questions posed in the proposal.

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