Dynamics and Evolution of Self-Gravitating Circumstellar Disks on a Moving Mesh

Mathematics – Logic

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

We present a novel approach to the numerical study of gas disks around young stars using the Voronoi-tessellation cosmological code AREPO (Springel,2010).
This finite-volume code is shock-capturing and second-order-accurate in time and space. Its moving mesh makes it a Lagrangian/Eulerian code that satisfies Galilean invariance and has a very low diffusivity due to its unbiased unstructured grid. Its pseudo-Lagrangian nature makes it ideal for problems that show large dynamical range in density, such as gravitationally unstable systems with clustering and collapse. The self-gravity solver is implemented consistently for collisionless particles as well as for gas ``particles" (Voronoi cells) in an N-body fashion using a tree algorithm.
The hydrodynamics+N-body approach of AREPO is unparalleled in its ability to treat self-gravitating systems that lack of a symmetric configuration while retaining the resolution and accuracy of conventional grid codes. Thus, it combines the benefits of both particle- and mesh-based codes. Precisely, these two approaches are used in numerical studies of circumstellar disks depending on the physical process of interest. For example, those studies that choose particle based codes -- such as SPH -- focus on gravitationally unstable disks or the tidal interaction of disks. On the other hand, grid codes are preferred in studies of planet-disk interaction, where proper treatment of shocks, wakes and gaps requires an accurate shock-capturing method. We present examples of how the flexible approach of AREPO can be used to simulate these and other types of problems.

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