Dynamical evolution of the Oort cloud. I - A Monte Carlo simulation. II - A theoretical approach

Statistics – Computation

Scientific paper

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Comets, Computational Astrophysics, Computerized Simulation, Oort Cloud, Aphelions, Evolution (Development), Kepler Laws, Monte Carlo Method, Orbital Elements, Solar System, Stellar Orbits, Comets, Oort Cloud, Dynamics, Evolution, Monte Carlo Methods, Orbits, Simulations, Geometry, Computer Methods, Perturbations, Distribution, Frequency, Hypotheses, Origin, Diffusion, Ejection, Analysis, Theoretical Studies

Scientific paper

A Monte Carlo model is used to trace the dynamical evolution of the Oort cloud of comets to its ultimate end. After a review of previous simulations, the necessity of considering perturbations of the aphelion distance because of passing stars, the density of passing stars, and the three-body problem of sun-star-comet is discussed. For convenience, the solar gravitation is assumed to be zero as a star passes. It is also assumed that the initial cometary distribution had a perihelion near the orbits of Uranus-Neptune. Six orbital elements are calculated to obtain orbital distributions for the population in the Oort cloud. The cloud is estimated to contain 10 trillion comets, which would satisfy the present apparition rate of new comets.

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