Dynamic Tensile Strength of Low Temperature Ice and Kuiper Belt Size Distributions

Details Dynamic Tensile Strength of Low Temperature Ice and Kuiper Belt Size Distributions Dynamic Tensile Strength of Low Temperature Ice and Kuiper Belt Size Distributions

Sep 2009

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2009dps....41.1904a&link_type=abstract

American Astronomical Society, DPS meeting #41, #19.04

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Scientific paper

We model mutual gravitationally driven impact interactions in a nearly gas-free environment of the Kuiper belt (KB) and use low-temperature (< 100 K) ice dynamic strength dependent collisional out-come (accretion vs. erosion and fragmentation) models. These lead to theoretically predictable distributions of object number density, vs. mass distributions. These derived mass distributions are comparable to the now rapidly growing KB survey data. Tensional failure of single and polycrystalline ice in the temperature range from 263 to 128 K was measured for high strain rate, c.a. 104 s-1, dynamic loading conditions. Experiments, similar to Lange and Ahrens(1991)(LA), were conducted using a gas gun launched Lexan projectile. The liquid nitrogen cooled ice target approaching KB-like temperatures was partially confined, rather than using the LA confined geometry. Another set of experiments used a drop tube projectile launcher within the 263 K Caltech Ice Laboratory and at 163 K in a liquid nitrogen cooled chamber. New experiments give tensile strengths of 7.6±1.5 MPa at 263 K and 9.1±1.5 MPa at 163 K for unconfined, free of visual initial defects and measurable imperfections ice samples. The new strengths are lower than the earlier LA data ( 17 MPa). The major differences arise from ice target assembly. LA used polycrystalline ice samples confined in annular stainless steel target rings. New measurements were partially confined, in not initially contacting concentric target rings. Later shots used unconfined configurations with ice pellets affixed to aluminum foil. Circumferential confinement is known to increase the material damage threshold upon both compression and tensile loading. Previous confinement in LA is the main cause of the above discrepancy. Present tensile strengths are only a few times higher than 0.7 - 3.0 MPa summarized in Petrovic (2003) for quasistatic tension at 10-7 to 10-3 s-1 strain rate.

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