Dynamic partial melting: its application to the petrogeneses of basalts erupted in Iceland, the Faeroe Islands, the Isle of Skye (Scotland) and the Troodos Massif (Cyprus)

Details Dynamic partial melting: its application to the petrogeneses of basalts erupted in Iceland, the Faeroe Islands, the Isle of Skye (Scotland) and the Troodos Massif (Cyprus) Dynamic partial melting: its application to the petrogeneses of basalts erupted in Iceland, the Faeroe Islands, the Isle of Skye (Scotland) and the Troodos Massif (Cyprus)

Jul 1979

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1979gecoa..43.1031w&link_type=abstract

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 43, Issue 7, pp.1031-1046

Computer Science

16

Scientific paper

The lava piles erupted in Iceland, the Faeroes, Skye, and Troodos are vertically compositionally zoned with the most Mg-rich and hygromagmatophile element (HE) depleted basalts concentrated towards the top of the lava pile in each case. The observed variations in the REE in the Mg-rich basalts from each lava pile cannot be explained in terms of batch partial melting of a homogeneous upper mantle source. Dynamic partial melting ( et al. , 1977, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 36 , 133-156), in conjunction with, or in some cases as a possible alternative to postulating local inhomogeneities in the upper mantle source region, can explain the vertical chemical variations. In this model the presence and amount of liquid remaining in the residue has an important effect on the HE composition of subsequent melts, i.e. it introduces an additional variable to the incremental partial melting equation. The REE variation observed can be accurately reproduced by numerical models of dynamic partial melting using appropriate source compositions. The small but significant, radiogenic isotope variations in Icelandic basalts, whilst suggesting inhomogeneities in the source regions also lend some support to the dynamic melting process. In at least some of the HE-depleted basalts the Sm/Nd ratios are too high to explain the measured 143 Nd/ 144 Nd ratios for a single stage mantle evolution. It is necessary to infer a recent enrichment of the Sm/Nd ratios in their sources--an event predicted by the continuous melting process. The chemical inhomogeneities required in the mantle beneath Iceland are consistent with an HE depleted source region-veined to varying degrees by fluids or magmas related to previous events of melt transfer. Dynamic partial melting of such a mantle source would result in the vertical chemical zonation of a lava pile if the source was not continuously replenished at depth.

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