Duality relation between radiation thermodynamics and cosmic string loop thermodynamics

Details Duality relation between radiation thermodynamics and cosmic string loop thermodynamics Duality relation between radiation thermodynamics and cosmic string loop thermodynamics

May 2011

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2011phrvd..83j3526j&link_type=abstract

Physical Review D, vol. 83, Issue 10, id. 103526

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Particle-Theory And Field-Theory Models Of The Early Universe, Thermodynamic Functions And Equations Of State, Nonequilibrium And Irreversible Thermodynamics, Dark Energy

Scientific paper

We discuss thermodynamics of electromagnetic radiation, with p=(1/3)ρ and S∝T3V, and of cosmic string loops, with p=-(1/3)ρ and S∝T-3V, where p stands for pressure, T temperature, ρ energy density, S entropy, and V volume. We write the thermodynamic formalisms under a common framework that illustrates their formal relationship and allows us to go from one to the other through a smooth transformation. From a microscopic perspective, these relations arise from the energy relations u(λ)=hc/λ for the photons of electromagnetic radiation, and u(l)=(c4/a2G)l for cosmic string loops, a being a numerical (dimensionless) constant and λ and l the radiation wavelength and the length of a loop; G, c, and h are the gravitational constant, the speed of light in vacuo, and the Planck constant, respectively. The corresponding thermodynamic behaviors are seen to be connected through a related thermal duality corresponding to the change of T by T*=Tc2/T, with Tc a reference temperature related to h, c, and G.

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