Distribution of brightness over apparent discs of distorted stars

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astrophysics

Scientific paper

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Brightness Distribution, Energy Transfer, Radiative Transfer, Stellar Atmospheres, Hydrostatics, Limb Darkening, Spherical Coordinates, Stellar Rotation, Tides

Scientific paper

An attempt is made to establish the explicit form of the equations of radiative transfer in plane-parallel atmospheres surrounding stars distorted by axial rotation or tides, using curvilinear coordinates which parallel the distorted surface. The circumstances under which the effects due to limb and gravity darkening are multiplicative and permit algebraic separation are emphasized. The equations of the radiative transfer problem are formulated for the gray case and rewritten in terms of nonorthogonal coordinates with which the potential over a level surface in hydrostatic equilibrium replaces the radial coordinate of spherical polars. An explicit solution of the transfer problem is constructed in a plane-parallel approximation, and it is shown that the effects of limb and gravity-darkening remain factorizable only in terms which are linear in the cosines of the angle of foreshortening.

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