Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy
Scientific paper
Apr 2006
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2006geoji.165..303b&link_type=abstract
Geophysical Journal International, Volume 165, Issue 1, pp. 303-310.
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Astronomy
20
African Rift, Continental Rifting, Geodesy, Viscoelasticity
Scientific paper
The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) in central Ethiopia extended in the rift-normal direction at a mean rate of 4.0 +/- 0.9 mm yr-1 (1σ) during the period 1992-2003, nearly a factor of two slower than the opening rate estimated from global plate motion inversions. Rift opening near a geodetic array during this period was accommodated by a single dike injection event in 1993, spatially coincident with active magmatic segments, probably triggered by observed seismicity. Following dike injection, the crust in the rift relaxed as a layered medium, with a ~15-km-thick elastic lid over a viscous half space of 1018 Pa s. Diking, rather than normal faulting on rift-bounding faults, appears to be the predominant mechanism of extension in the MER, explaining the very low regional rates of moment release. The length scale and temporal behaviour of surface displacements require viscoelastic rheology in the rift.
Asfaw Laike
Bendick Rebecca
Bilham Roger
Klemperer Simon
McClusky Simon
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