Dispersal patterns for hydrothermal plumes in the South Pacific using manganese as a tracer

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Scientific paper

Manganese profiles over the spreading axis of the East Pacific Rise (EPR) between 22°15'S and 19°25'S disclose a series of plumes which are formed by buoyant emanations of hot, hydrothermal vent fluids. The plume ceilings, or anomaly maxima, can occur several hundred meters above the sea floor. These plumes are dispersed laterally and are detectable as mid-depth manganese anomalies 2000 km from the spreading axis. Along this section, the plumes are dispersed mainly westward but at 30°S the plumes are advected eastward. The asymmetrical dispersal pattern inferred from these data is coincident with the asymmetrical distribution of metalliferous sediments about the EPR which suggests that plumes, generated by high-temperature venting, play a dominant role in the formation of these sediments.

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