Discovery of Volatiles across the Moon by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3)

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Scientific paper

During the first optical period of Chandrayaan-1 operation in lunar orbit, M3 acquired baseline image cubes of spectroscopic data across 70% of the lunar nearside and a small portion of the farside. The cumulative data include more than a billion spectra from 430 to 3000 nm acquired at 140 m/pixel spatial resolution. These data have been processed and calibrated with initial ground-based and in-flight calibration procedures, including an effective thermal emission removal algorithm. The resulting high quality imaging spectroscopy data allow well-known diagnostic mineral absorption features to be identified and mapped and the character and diversity of lunar crustal composition studied. The data also allow fundamental absorptions due to OH/H2O that occur near 3000 nm to be evaluated and mapped. These latter results are unexpected and have important implications for lunar science and exploration. They will be presented and discussed and are supported by subsequent validation and extension analyses including a reevaluation of VIMS-Cassini fly-by data and a recent DI lunar fly-by. This research is supported by the NASA Discovery Program.

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