Direct Exoplanet Imaging around Sun-like Stars: Beating the Speckle Noise with Innovative Imaging Techniques

Details Direct Exoplanet Imaging around Sun-like Stars: Beating the Speckle Noise with Innovative Imaging Techniques Direct Exoplanet Imaging around Sun-like Stars: Beating the Speckle Noise with Innovative Imaging Techniques

Aug 2005

adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2005jrasc..99..130m&link_type=abstract

Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Vol. 99, No. 4, p.130

Astronomy and Astrophysics

Astronomy

3

Scientific paper

Indirect surveys have now uncovered more than 150 exoplanets, but are limited to planets close to the star and measure only the projected mass and orbital parameters. Both photometry and spectroscopy of exoplanets are required to derive their physical characteristics. The star to exoplanet intensity ratio (>108 in the near infrared) and the relative separation (< 0.5 arcseconds) significantly complicate this endeavour. Current ground- and space-based direct imaging surveys achieve an intensity ratio up to 104 at 0.5. separation, a factor 10,000 from the desired goal. These surveys are limited by uncorrected atmospheric turbulence and optical surface imperfections that produce quasi-static speckles that look like exoplanets, but much brighter. Two techniques will be discussed to attenuate this speckle noise. The first is the Simultaneous Spectral Differential Imaging technique (SSDI), acquiring a number of images simultaneously at different adjacent narrowband wavelengths and combining them to attenuate speckles. The second is the Angular Differential Imaging technique (ADI), taking multiple observations while rotating the telescope or waiting for sufficient field rotation to subtract static speckles and to preserve the companion flux. Results from a dedicated SSDI camera "TRIDENT" that was mounted under PUEO/CFHT and from an ongoing ADI survey at Gemini with Altair/NIRI will be presented. Future work involving a new type of detector, the Multi-Color Detector Assembly (MCDA), will also be discussed. Combining these observation strategies and new detectors are of particular interest for specialized exoplanet finder instruments for 10-m telescopes that are currently under study, like ExAOC at Gemini, and future space-based observatories like TPF.

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