Direct detection of solar wind dynamic pressure effect on ground geomagnetic field

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Dynamic Pressure, Geomagnetism, Pressure Effects, Solar Terrestrial Interactions, Solar Wind, Earth Surface, Interplanetary Magnetic Fields, Ionospheric Currents, Ring Currents

Scientific paper

It is found that the scatter plot of the equatorial D(st) index vs the square root of the dynamic pressure of the solar wind (P exp 0.5) exhibits a clear upper envelope which linearly increases with increasing P exp 0.5. This upper envelope is interpreted as showing the minimum level of the ring current intensity and thus dependence of the D(st) index on P exp 0.5. A similar upper envelope was also found in scatter plots of the nighttime H-component vs P exp 0.5 at stations in low and middle latitudes. From the inclination of these upper envelopes the coefficients for the assumed linear relationship between P exp 0.5 and the ground magnetic field are obtained. The coefficients derived from the envelopes for the D(st) index and the nighttime H-component at different stations agree well with each other, and the latter showed no latitudinal variations.

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