Direct Comparison of Optical and Infrared Searches for High-Redshift Galaxies: How Much of the Young Universe has been Obscured by Dust?

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The leading uncertainty in our knowledge of star formation in the young universe is the amount of luminosity that is absorbed (and then re- reradiated) by dust grains. We will use NIRI in a narrowband imaging search for high-redshift emission-line galaxies ([OIII]5007 at z=3.3-3.4 and H(alpha) at z=2.2-2.3). The wide areal coverage of optically- studied fields will allow the first direct quantitative comparison of this successful search method with the Lyman break method, which uses optical photometry to measure the far-UV rest-frame continuum of z ≥ 3 galaxies. Because of its large number of pixels, NIRI is the only instrument in the world currently fast enough to do this project (Keck would be a factor of 10 slower). We suspect that the Lyman break method is missing at least half of all high-z galaxies, because their far-UV continuum is reddened by dust. If so, our search of previously studied LBG fields in only 2 nights will determine this. We will detect at least 16-20 galaxies at z ~ 3.3, the majority of which were previously missed.

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