Other
Scientific paper
Jun 1983
adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=1983apj...269..239m&link_type=abstract
Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X), vol. 269, June 1, 1983, p. 239-249. Research supported by the Natural Sciences a
Other
114
A Stars, Binary Stars, Metallic Stars, Peculiar Stars, Stellar Mass Ejection, Stellar Rotation, Abundance, Calcium, Gaseous Diffusion, Helium, Meridional Flow, Stellar Models
Scientific paper
The gravitational settling of helium is calculated in the presence of meridional circulation. The concentration of Fm-Am stars in binary systems with P between 2.5 and 100 days is then explained without any arbitrary parameter. Together with the other properties of Fm-Am stars that are explained without arbitrary parameter, this constitutes a strong argument in favor of the diffusion model for those objects. Calculations of helium settling and of the diffusion of heavy elements in the presence of mass loss are also carried out to show that a mass loss rate of 10 to the -15th - 10 to the -14th solar masses per yr is likely in Fm-Am stars. Some weak turbulence may subsist below the hydrogen convection zone. The effects of meridional circulation, mass loss, turbulence, and mixing length illustrate how the appearance of abundance anomalies is determined by the hydrodynamics of the outer stellar envelope. The Fm-Am stars offer an important contact between observations and hydrodynamical calculations. If the mass loss rate is about 10 to the -13th solar masses per yr, stars may spend more of their life as Lambda Bootis stars than as Fm-Am stars.
Charland Y.
Michaud Georges
Pelletier Christine C.
Tarasick D.
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