Determination of the coordinates and attitude of a spacecraft on a planetary surface

Astronomy and Astrophysics – Astronomy

Scientific paper

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Astronavigation, Attitude Control, Planetary Surfaces, Planetocentric Coordinates, Spacecraft Guidance, Surface Navigation, Astrometry, Celestial Reference Systems, Instrument Orientation, Position (Location)

Scientific paper

Astronomical methods of determining the planetographic coordinates, the position, and attitude of a spacecraft on a planetary surface are examined. A solution in vector form is obtained to the problem of determining the position from two zenith distances. A method is proposed for complete solution of the navigation problem with the aid of azimuthal measurements of the direction toward a celestial body with respect to an unknown base in the horizon plane. It is shown that angular coordinates of the spacecraft can be determined from just two or three measurements within an accuracy equal to that of optical measurements.

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